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__NOTOC__ The Morane-Saulnier G was a two seat sports and racing monoplane produced in France before the First World War.〔Taylor 1989, 648〕〔"The Illustrated Encyclopedia of Aircraft", 2539〕 It was a development of the racing monoplanes designed by Léon Morane and Raymond Saulnier after leaving Borel and, like its predecessors, was a wire-braced, shoulder-wing monoplane.〔 Construction was of fabric-covered wood throughout, except for the undercarriage struts which were of steel tube.〔"The Latest Morane-Saulnier Monoplane", 564〕 The type was a sporting success. In April 1913, Roland Garros took second place in the inaugural Schneider Cup in a floatplane version,〔Hartmann 2001, 10. This machine is often mis-reported as a Morane-Saulnier H〕 finishing with a time of 40 minutes 40 seconds.〔"The Monaco Meeting", 450〕 On 26 June, Claude Grahame-White flew another float-equipped example from Paris to London via Le Havre, Boulogne-sur-Mer, and Dover,〔"Mr Grahame-Wnite's Seine—Thames Trip"〕 covering some that day.〔Hartmann 2001, 10〕 Between 21 and 28 September the same year, two float-equipped Type Gs competed at the seaplane meeting at San Sebastián, with Lord Carbery winning the short take-off prize on one, and Edmond Audemars winning the maneuverability prize on the other.〔Hartmann 2001, 11〕 The following week, Carbery flew his Type G in the Italian Waterplane Contest from Lake Como to Pavia and back, along with two other Type Gs in the field of fifteen competitors, these flown by Garros and Morane.〔Hartmann 2001, 12〕〔"Italian Waterplane Contest", 1129〕 Garros not only won the Grand Prize in the "general class", but also the prizes for best speed (127.7 km/h, 79.8 mph) and greatest altitude (2,100 m, 6,000 ft).〔 In 1914, Russian manufacturer Duks arranged to build the type under licence at their Moscow factory for the Russian Army,〔 and the same year, the Turkish military ordered 40 examples.〔 Before these could be delivered, however, war broke out, and the aircraft were impressed into the French Army.〔 To these, the Army soon added an order of 94 aircraft, and the British Royal Flying Corps also acquired a number, these latter machines purchased from Grahame-White, who was manufacturing the type in the UK under licence.〔 At the outbreak of war, the type's military value was found to be wanting, and the French machines were quickly relegated to training duties.〔 Despite this, a dedicated single-seat fighter version was built in 1915, armed with an 8 mm Hotchkiss machine gun that fired through the propeller arc, the propeller blades being protected by deflector plates.〔"Morane-Saulnier type G"〕 Only one or two prototypes were built, and the type never entered service.〔Green and Swanborough 1994〕 Some Type Gs were modified by Morane-Saulnier to have their wings mounted above the fuselage, parasol-fashion, rather than at the fuselage sides. This arrangement was found to offer far better visibility for the pilot, and formed the basis for the Morane-Saulnier L.〔 A Type G is preserved at the Museo del Aire (Madrid) (Museo del Aire de Cuatrovientos). ==Variants== ;Type GA:version with 40 kW (60 hp) Le Rhône engine ;Type GB:version with 60 kW (80 hp) Gnome engine ;Type WB:version for export to Russia with glazed forward fuselage ;Thulin B:Licence-built by AB Thulinverken in Sweden ;Grahame-White Type XIV:License built by Claude Grahame-White in the United Kingdom 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Morane-Saulnier G」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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